ፀ

 Home ሀ ለ ሐ መ ሠ ረ ሰ ሸ ቀ በ ተ ቸ ኀ ነ ኘ አ ከ ኸ ወ ዐ ዘ ዠ የ ደ ጀ ገ ጠ ጨ ጰ ጸ ፀ ፈ ፐ

~ ፀ/ Tz ~

ፀ/ Tz: is the 19th letter; in the Geez alphabetic(አበገደ) order, it follows the letter ጸ (ts) of the spring; it is a derivative, or substitute, second, hybrid, attached; its name is ፀጰ/ Ṣäppa; in Arabic, it is called ዳድ/ Ḍād (ፃፅ) see its meaning in its place. Its being 19th is by ordinal number; but alphabetically, the 19th Geez letter is ቆፍ/ Qof (ቀ) not Ṣäppa. Its being called the second of ጸ (ts) is in two ways, in form and in sound; see the beginning of the meaning of the side of the throat. Just as ኀ (ḫ) is a hybrid of ሐ (ḥ) so that it is not counted alone but when doubled with ሐ to form ኀሐ (ḫḥ), so also ፀ (ṣ) is a hybrid of ጸ (ts) so that it is not counted alone but when doubled with ጸ to form ፀጸ (ṣṣ) it does not have the regularity of being a father like the twentytwo letters. But in letter numbering, when it is written after Taw (ተ) and following ኀ (ḫ), ፀ (ṣ) is called 600. In the Arabic alphabet, the sound of ፀ (ṣ) is different from ጸ (ts) while their form is the same; there is no difference except for the dots; but in Geez, while their form is different, their sound is the same; they have no difference in sound but in form; their difference was lost in later times. But before Fremnatos, the sound of Ṣäppa ፀ (ṣ), as in Creator of heaven and earth; as in heaven, so on earth; and the earth also does Passover, was like the pronunciation and sound of ḍ (ድ) not like the ጸ (ts) of spring; even today in Arabic it is pronounced like the earthly ḍ. In Hebrew also there are two ጸ (ts) the second ጸ (ṣ) being Ṣade (ሳድስ) comes at the end of a word; but its sound is the same; there is no difference; and alphabetically, being at the end, it is called 900. For the rest of the discussion, go back and see the history of the alphabet.

ፀሓያዊ/ Ṣäḥayawi: Of the sun. ዓመት ፀሓያዊ። / Solar year. ዓመተ ፀሓይ/ Year of the sun: (አቡሻ).

ፀሓይ/ Ṣäḥay: (ያት። ጽሕወ፤ ጸሐየ፤ በራ) Sun; great light; that illuminates the day. “ዘየዐቢ ብርሃን ከመ ይምልክ መዓልተ።” The greater light to govern the day. “ፀሓየ ቀትር።” Midday sun. “ፀሓይ ዘያበርህ ወይጠፍእ” The sun that shines and sets: (ዘፍ፩: ፲፮። ሢራ፴፩: ፲፱። ኢዮ፴፩: ፳፮).

ፀመመ/ Ṣämmämä: (ጸሚም ጾመ) He bound up; he bandaged; he tied up, covered; he wrapped; he twisted; of a wound, of a fracture. They did not bind it up so that it might be healed. “ኢይፀምምዎ ወኢይቀብዕዎ” They do not bind it up or apply ointment: (ሕዝ፴: ፳፩። ኢሳ፩: ፮). Instead of saying you ትመልእኑ ታጸግብኑ/ fill or you ት(ታ) ፀምምኑ/ satisfy, it says you bind up the soul of owls; it is a mistake: (ኢዮ፴፰: ፴፱).

፡ He healed, cured, restored; he dried up; he strengthened, encouraged; he hardened. And he will heal their wound for them. He healed their wound. “እንበይእ ነፍሰ ወልድከ ፅምም ልበከ” Rather, the soul of your son, bind up your heart: (መዝ: ፻፲፮። መጽ: ምስ። ሢራ፴: ፯). Instead of ፀመመ/ ṣämmämä, it says አፅመመ/ aṣämmämä; it is not appropriate. “ጾም ትፌውስ ቍስለ ነፍስ ወታፀምም ፍትወተ ዘሥጋ።” Fasting heals the wound of the soul and binds up the desires of the flesh. “ፈውሳት እለ ያጥዕያ ወርጢናት እለ ያየብሳ፤ ወቅብዐ አፈዋት እለ ያፀምማ ቍስላተ” Medicines that make soft, and roots that dry up; and the ointment of mouths that heal wounds: (ገድ: ተክ። ፈ: መ: ፫: ፫። አርጋ: ፫).

ፀመርት/ Ṣämmärt: (ራት። ዕብ ጻሜሬት) Branchy, leafy tree; all that resembles a palm tree. The top of a tree, the head, the tip; branch, wing; twig, shoot; palm branch; the bridegroom. Its mystery shows the combination and double nature of the leaf, including its growth and cutting. But the book says ፀበርት/ ṣäbärt instead of ፀመርት/ ṣämmärt; it is wrong; like saying ስ/ s bread instead of ዝ/ z in ኀበዘ / häbäzä (he went). “ፀበርተ ተመርት ዘበቀልት።” Palm branches of dates. “አባ ዳንኤል ዑጹፍ በልብሰ ፀበርት።” Abba Daniel was wrapped in a garment of palm branches. “ወግሉፋን ኪሩቤል ወፀበራት” And the peeled cherubim and palm branches: (ዮሐ፲፪: ፲፪። ስንክ: ታኅ፯። ሕዝ፵፩: ፲፰).

ፀመወ/ Ṣämmäwä: He became silent; he was quiet – ጸምዎ ጸመወ/ ṣämwo ṣämmäwä (he kept silent).

ፀሚድ ዶት/ Ṣämmid Dot: (ፀመደ ይፀምድ ይፅምድ። ዕብ ጻማድ። ሱር ጽማድ። ዐረ ፀመደ) To rule, to subdue. To ensnare; to arrange; to pair; to put on a yoke; to connect from the yoke to the chariot; of oxen, of horses. “ፀመደከ ሰይጣን ከመ አባዕር ወአንበረ አርዑቶ ውስተ ክሣድከ።” Satan bound you like a sparrow and put his yoke on your neck. “ፀሚደ አርዑት ያደንኖ ለክሣድ።” The yoke of the yoke adorns the neck. “ይፅምዱኒ በአርዑቶሙ ወይቅንዩኒ ለግሙራ፤ ከመ ይፀመዱ ተያፍን ወብዕራ ።” They will bind me with their yokes and restrain me with their bits; so that bulls and cows may be yoked. “አዘዘ ይፅምድዎሙ ለአፍራስ በሠረገላ” He commanded that horses should be yoked to chariots: (መጽ: ምስ። ሢራ፴: ፴፭። ስንክ: ግን፲፩። ኅዳ፲፰). See ዘመደ/ zämädän; it is a neighbor of this.

፡ To ensnare; to catch in a trap. So that they might ensnare people in faith: (Philoxenus 41). Instead of saying ወሀበ አቅረበ/ he gave or he brought near, it says ፀመደ / ṣämmädä, አስተፀመደ አስተፃመደ / astäṣämmädä, astätṣammädä; it is a translators mistake: (ዘሌ፲፰: ፳፩። ፳: ፪ና: ፬).

ፀማመረ/ Ṣämamärä: (የፀመረ ድርብ) He piled up, he added layer upon layer. “ወእፀማምር ሰኑየ ወሰኑየ” And I will add my gifts layer upon layer: (ፊልክ: ፻፲፭).

፡ He intertwined; he cut into pieces; he harvested, he trimmed.

ፀማሪ/ Ṣämari: (ሪት ርያን ያት) That adds; additional; that attaches; that makes one.

ፀማዲ/ Ṣämadi: (ዲት ድያን ያት) That yokes; that is yoking; yoker; yoking person.

ፀማድ/ Ṣämad: (ውስጠ ብዙ) Servant; slave, attendant; household; birth house. “እምፀማዱ።” From his servants. “አመ ይሔውጽ ፀማደ።” When he gathers servants. “ኖላውያን ወፀማዶሙ” Shepherds and their servants: (ግብ፲: ፯። ስንክ: ሚያ፮። ሔኖ: ክ፸).

ፀምር/ Ṣämr: (ዕብ ጼሜር። ሱር ጻምራ) Sheeps wool; soft, pliable, good white; thin, long. Human and animal hair; that grows and is sheared and cut; grass, leaf, bone. Wool garment; made by spinning wool. “ባለብሉዮች ግን መስክ ብዝት ጠጕር ነጭ ሐር ይሉታል።” But the old ones call the field abundant hair, white silk. “እምፀምረ አባግዕየ ወሥዕርቱ ከመ ፀምር ጸዐዳ።” From the wool of my sheep, and its hair is as white as wool. “ትለብሱ ፀምረ።” You wear wool. “ወኢይዕርግ ዲቤሆሙ ፀምር።” And wool shall not come upon them. “ሤጠ ፀምር ግብረ እዱ” He spun wool with his hands: (ኢዮ፴፩: ፳። ራእ፩: ፲፬። ሕዝ፴፬: ፫። ፵፬: ፲፯። ስንክ: መጋ፲፰). But the phrase I will spread wool (መሳ፮: ፴፯) refers to a fleece of wool. The Geez translator, leaving out the adjective of the Hebrew qurtse tsemr (shorn wool), has made it look like a garment; and the verse is I will place not I will spread.

፡ A harvested field; whose bones and leaves are cut off, a stump of a vine; that needs rain and dew. “ወይወርድ ከመ ጠል ውስተ ፀምር።” And he will descend like dew upon the fleece. “ወከመ ጊሜ ውስተ ፀምር” And like showers on the grass: (መዝ: ፸፩። ዘዳ፴፪: ፪).

ፀምሮ ሮት/ Ṣämro Rot: (ፀመረ ይፄምር ይፀምር። ዐረ ሰመረ። ዕብ ሳሜር፤ ቀነወ) To add; to double; to stick, to paste; to combine two things, to make one; to hold together; to pierce, to sew, to tie, to fasten. See ደመረ/ dämmärä; it is a twin of this. “እፄምሮ ለዳዊት ውስተ አረፍት።” He added to David within the rest. “እፅምሮ በምድር ምዕረ።” I will add to the rest in the land. “ፀመረቶ ምስለ ምድር።” He joined it to the earth. “ኢትፀምር አሲረ ክልሌቲ ኀጣይእ” Do not add the bonds of the two sins: (፩ነግው: ፲፰: ፲፩። ፳፮: ፰። መሳ፬: ፳፩። ሢራ፯: ፰).

፡ To shear, to cut; to harvest, to trim; of hair, of grass, of leaves; see ቀረፀ/ qärätsä.

ፀምዐ/ Ṣäma: He thirsted, he was thirsty – ጸምአ/ ṣäma.

ፀሪስ ሶት/ Ṣäris Sot: (ፀርሰ ይፀርስ ይፅርስ። ጠርሰ) To make blunt; to dull; to weaken; to confuse; to make tasteless; of a tooth, of a blade; see ፀርሱ/ tärsä. “አበው በልዑ ቆዐ ወአስናነ ደቂቅ ፀርሱ።” The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the childrens teeth are set on edge. “እሁበክሙ ትፅርሱ ስነኒክሙ” I will give you that your teeth may be blunted: (ኤር፴፩: ፳፱። ሕዝ፲፰: ፪። ዓሞ፬: ፮).

ፀሪር ሮት/ Ṣärir Rot: (ፀረረ ይፀርር ይፅርር። ዐረ ፀረ፤ ጐዳ። ዕብ ጻራር) To oppose; to contend; to be an adversary; to sin; to do violence; to betray, to cover up; to rebel, to take tribute, to melt. But the book says አፅረረ/ aṣrärä instead of ፀረረ/ ṣärärä; it is a translators mistake. “አፅረሩ ሰዶም።” They opposed Sodom. “አፅረሩ ሞአብ።” They opposed Moab. “አፅረሩ ኤዶም” They opposed Edom: (ዘፍ፲፬: ፬። ፪ነገ: ፩። ፰: ፳ና: ፳፪).

፡ To oppose; to line up; to prepare for war, for battle.

ፀሪዕ ዖት/ Ṣärii Ot: (ፀርዐ ይፀርዕ ይፅራዕ። ዐረ ፀረዐ) To be tired, to be weary; to sleep, to lie down; to be lazy, to be idle; to rest, to be unemployed; to leave work; to interrupt, to stop; to silence. But the book says አፅርዐ/ aṣra instead of ፀርዐ/ ṣära; it is not appropriate. “ዘያፈቅር ውሉዶ ኢያፀርዕ ተግሣጸ።” He who loves his son does not withhold chastisement. “ኢናፅርዕ ቅኔ ግብረ እደዊነ ወኢንትሀከይ።” We will not withhold the hymn, the work of our hands, and we will not be silent. “ከመ ኢያፅርዕ ተቀንዮ ቅድመ ሥጋሁ ለአዳም።” So that he might not withhold worship before the body of Adam. “ወእምዝ አፅርዐ ዘንተ ግብረ” And after that he stopped this work: (ሢራ፴: ፩። ዲድ: ፲፫። ቀሌ። ሃይ: አበ).

ፀሪፍ ፎት/ Ṣärif Fot: (ፀረፈ ይፀርፍ ይፅርፍ። ዕብ ጻራፍ፤ ነጠፈ፤ አኅበረ። ሐራፍ) To revile; to insult, to humiliate; to belittle; to make shameful. “በእንተ ፀሪፍ ወጽዒል።” Because of the reviling that went out. “ይፀርፉ አሕዛብ ላዕለ ስምየ።” The Gentiles revile my name. “ዘይፀርፍ ላዕለ ካህናት።” He who reviles the priests. “ፀረፋ በሐሰት” Reviling falsely: (ፈ: መ: ፳። ኢሳ፶፪: ፭። ቀሌ። ፍ: ነ: ፳፬).

ፀራሪ/ Ṣärari: (ሪት ርያን ያት) One who opposes; enemy; adversary. Instead of ፀራሪ/ ṣärari, it says ፀራዊ/ ṣärawi; the meaning is the same.

ፀራዒት/ Ṣärait: Oppression – ጸራዒት/ ṣärait.

ፀራዊ/ Ṣärawi: (ዊት ውያን ያት) Opponent; of the enemys side; enemy, adversary. “ብእሴ ፀራዊ ገብረ ዘንተ።” An enemy man did this. “ወፀራዊሰ ዲያብሎስ” And the enemy is the devil: (ማቴ: ፲፫: ፳፰። ፴፱).

ፀራፊ/ Ṣärafi: (ፊት ፍያን ያት፤ ረፍት) Reviler; insulter; humiliator; one who knows insults. “ኢያነጽሕ ፀራፌ።” A reviler will not be cleansed. “ኢትኩኑ መዐትማነ ወኢፀራፍያነ ወኢዝኁራነ” Do not be wrathful, nor revilers, nor slanderers: (ጥበ፩: ፮። ዲድ: ፯። ፩ጢሞ: ፩: ፲፫).

ፀር/ Ṣär: Opponent; enemy; adversary; idol; traitor; bandit. But the book, due to mistakes in endings and translations, uses ṣär for both singular and plural; it is not appropriate. It follows only for male and female. “ኮኖሙ ፀሮሙ።” They became their enemies. “ይከውነከ ፀረከ።” Your enemy will surround you. “ሶበ አመንደብዎ ፀሩ።” When their enemy multiplied against them. “እንዘ ፀሩ ንሕነ ለእግዚ።” While we were enemies of God. “ሢመት ለኵሉ እንዘ ፀር ይእቲ፤ መኳንንት ይትጋደሉ ባቲ” Appointment for all while she is an enemy; the nobles fight with her: (ኢሳ፷፫: ፲። ሢራ፴፯: ፬። ፵፮: ፭። ሮሜ: ፭: ፲። ቅኔ).

ፀርቅ/ Ṣärq: Cloth – ጸሪቅ ጸረቀ/ ṣäriq ṣäräqä (it was torn, it tore).

ፀቈነ/ Ṣäqqonä: It became narrow; it became thin – ጸቍን ጸቈነ/ ṣäqqun ṣäqqonä (it became very narrow).

ፀበረ/ Ṣäbärä: He trampled – ጸቢር ጸበረ/ ṣäbir ṣäbärä (he trampled firmly).

ፀበርት/ Ṣäbärt: Twig – ፀመርት፤ ፀመረ/ ṣämmärt; ṣämmärä (it branched out).

ፀበበ/ Ṣäbäbä: It became narrow – ጸቢብ ጸበበ/ ṣäbib ṣäbäbä (it became very narrow).

ፀበተ/ Ṣäbätä: He swam – ጸቢት ጸበተ/ ṣäbit ṣäbätä (he swam well).

ፀቢስ ሶት/ Ṣäbis Sot: (ፀብሰ ይፀብስ ይፅበስ። ፀወሰ) To be weary, to be tired; to fear; to become weak; to limp; to be cowardly, to be weak. “ይፀብሱ ጽኑዓን።” The strong will become weary. “ኢትፅበስ በቅድመ ገጾሙ” Do not be afraid before their faces: (ኢሳ፵: ፴። ዘዳ፴፩: ፮).

ፀቢጥ ጦት/ Ṣäbit Tot: (ፀበጠ ይፀብጥ ይፅብጥ። ዐረ ፀበጥ። ዕብ ጻባጥ) To grasp; to hold firmly; to take into ones hand. “ዘይፀብጥ ዐቅራበ።” He who grasps scorpions. “ዘይፀብጥ ጽላሎተ።” He who grasps shadows. “በትረከ ፅብጥ በእዴከ።” Your rod, grasp it in your hand. “ቆሙ ኀበ ኆኅት ቍድስ ወፀበጥዋ” They stood at the gate of the sanctuary and seized it: (ሢራ፳፮: ፯። ፴፩: ፪። ዘፀ፲፯: ፭። ዮሴፍ). See ሠበጠ/ śäbätä; it is a twin of this.

ፀባጢ/ Ṣäbati: (ጢት ጥያን ያት) That grasps; holder, grasper. “ፀባጤ ኵሉ” Grasper of all: (ቅዳ: ሕር). Miserly, stingy; tightfisted. Like saying giver and grasper, meaning generous and ungenerous.

ፀብአ: ወጋ አጠፋ፤ –ጸቢእ ጸብአ።

ፀብአ/ Ṣäba: He pierced, he destroyed – ጸቢእ ጸብአ/ ṣäbii ṣäba (he pierced thoroughly).

ፀብጥ/ Ṣäbt: He pierced, he destroyed – ጸቢእ ጸብአ/ ṣäbii ṣäba (he pierced thoroughly).

ፀተመ/ Ṣätämä: He struck, he broke – ጸቲም ጸተመ/ ṣätim ṣätämä (he struck firmly).

ፀኒስ ሶት/ Ṣänis Sot: (ፀንሰ ይፀንስ ይፅነስ። ዐረ ፀኒየ፤ ወላድ ኾነ) To conceive; to be pregnant; to carry in the womb; from this to swell, to become distended, to stretch out; to be heavy and large until they give birth. ጠነሰሰ/ Tänässäsä (he conceived) ጥንስስ/ tinsis (conception) comes from this. “ጊዜ ለፀኒስ።” A time to conceive. “ናሁ ድንግል ትፀንስ ወትወልድ ወልደ።” Behold, a virgin shall conceive and bear a son. “ዘእንበለ ትፅንሶ በከርሣ።” Without conceiving in her womb. “ፀነስነ፤ ሐመምነሂ ወወለድነ” We conceived; we were in pain and gave birth: (መክ፫: ፪። ማቴ፩: ፳፫። ሉቃ፪: ፳፩። ኢሳ፳፮: ፲፰).

፡ To think; to desire. They conceive trouble in their bellies: (ኢዮ፲፭: ፴፭። መዝ: ፯። ኢሳ፱: ፬ና: ፲፫).

ፀናሲ/ Ṣänasi: (ሲት ስያን ያት) One who conceives; one who thinks; conceiving, thinking: (ፍ: ነ: ፵፩: ፬).

ፀንዐ/ Ṣäna: He became strong, he became firm – ጸኒዕ ጸንዐ/ ṣänii ṣäna (he became very strong).

ፀንግዐ/ Ṣängä: (ፀግዐ) He drew near; he brought near; himself; he lay down, he prostrated himself. Instead of ፀንግዐ/ ṣängä, it says ተፀንግዐ/ tätṣängä; all of it is a mistake; its meaning and root are of ፀግዐ/ ṣägä while the letter n has entered in vain; see ፀግዐ/ ṣägä. “ጎል ኀበ ተፀንግዐ” The idol where he lay down: (አዋል). In Amharic, አጠነጋ/ atänägä (he leaned) and ጥንግ / ting (support) are derived from this.

ፀንፈርት/ Ṣänfärt: (ፀፈረ፤ መፅፈርት) Bird trap; snare, noose. ወፈንጠር/ wofänṭär; that does not ensnare; stone, pebble, scattered hail. “ከመ ያመሥጥ ወይጠል እምነ መሥገርት ገሪፍ፤ ወከመ ይድኅን እምፀንፈርት ዖፍ” So that he might escape and be saved from the snare of the hunter; and so that he might be saved from the bird trap: (ስንክ: ታኅ፲).

»ፀአት/ »Ṣäat: Going out, departure; separating, going. “ተፈሥሑ ግብጽ በፀአቶሙ።” Egypt rejoiced at their departure. “ሶበ በጽሐ ጊዜ ፀአቱ እምዝንቱ ዓለም።” When the time of his departure from this world arrived. “ትትፌሣሕ ነፍስ ኄርት በፀአታ እምሥጋ” The good soul rejoices at its departure from the body: (ስንክ: ነሐ፲፩).

፡ Seed, generation. “እምሀገረ መኑፍ ፀአቱ” His departure was from the land of Memphis: (ስንክ: ነሐ፲፩).

፡ Funeral rites, mourning; what is appropriate for the dead. “ወኢገብረ ሕዝብፀአተ ቀበረዚኣሁ በላዕሌሁ “And the people did not hold a funeral for him: (፪ዜና: ፳፩: ፲፱). Result, outcome; product, flour (ዐማርኛ).

ፀዓዕ/ Ṣäai: (ዓዓት) Lightning; thunder; the sound of lightning; flash. “ትፌኑ ፀዓዐ ወየሐውር።” He sends forth lightning, and it goes. “ቃለ ፀዓዑ ያፈርሃ ለምድር።” The sound of his thunder frightens the earth. “መብረቅ ወነጐድጓድ ወፀዓዕ ኀያል።” Lightning and thunder and mighty lightning. “ከልሑ ፀዓዓት” All the lightnings: (ኢዮ፴፰: ፲፯። ሢራ፵፫: ፲፯። ቅዳ: ያዕ። ደራሲ).

ፀዕዐ/ Ṣääa: (ዕብ ሻኣህ) He shouted, he thundered; he became furious, he was angry; he roared, he bellowed; he flashed, he sparkled, he gleamed. But poets interpret only the flash.

ፀክ/ Ṣäk: Distress; narrowness – ጸክ/ ṣäk.

ፀወን/ Ṣäwän: Corner; cliff – ጸወን/ ṣäwän.

ፀዊስ ሶት/ Ṣäwis Sot: (ፆሰ፤ ፀወሰ ይፀውስ ይፁስ። ፀብሰ) To become thin; to become emaciated; to become lean; to be thin, emaciated, lean.

ፀዋግ/ Ṣäwag: (ግት ጋን ጋት) Evil, bad; cruel; crooked. “ገብር ፀዋግ።” Evil servant. “አርዌ ፀዋግ።” Evil beast. “ፀዋጋን መላእክት።” Evil angels. “እደው ፀዋጋት” Evil hands: (ምሳ፳፱: ፲፬። ኩፋ: ፴፬። ግንዘ። ሢራ፪: ፲፬).

ፀውጎ ጎት/ Ṣäwgo Got: (ፀወገ ይፄውግ ይፀውግ) To be evil; to be cruel; to be like a beast; to pervert the heart; to darken the face; to frown; to feign anger. “ዘይፀውግ።” He who is evil. “እለ ይፄውጉ እምኔሁ” Those who are evil from him: (ዘዳ፳፭: ፩: ፪። ማቴ፲፪: ፵፭). Instead of “ፆገ” ṣogä and ፀወገ/ ṣäwwägä, it says ተፀውገ/ tätṣäwwägä, ተፀወገ/ tätṣäwwägä; it is a mistake. “እኩያን እለ ይፀወጉ።” The wicked who are evil. “ዲዮቅልጥያኖስ ቢጾ አራዊት በተፀውጎ” Diocletian, a companion of beasts, through his cruelty: (ኩፋ: ፲። ስንክ: መጋ፲፰).

ፀጊም ሞት/ Ṣäggim Mot: (ፀገመ ይፀግም ይፅግም። ዐረ ፀጊመ) To bend; to stoop; to be crooked; to go to the left; to overturn.

ፀጊዕ ዖት/ Ṣägii Ot: (ፀግዐ ይፀግዕ ይፅጋዕ። ዐረ ፀገዐ) Support; to lean on; to support oneself; to rely on; to hold onto a corner for support; to find. See ጠግዐ/ täga; it is a twin of this. But the book says ፀንግዐ ተፀንግዐ/ ṣängä, tätṣängä instead of ፀግዐ/ ṣäga; it is a mistake. The idol where he lay down and prostrated himself: (አዋል). And its raw form also says ምፅንጋዕ/ mitsinga instead of ምፅጋዕ/ mitsigai.

ፀጋማዊ ይ/ Ṣägamawi Yi: Left; on the left; lefthanded, crooked; hunchbacked; northern. “ፀጋማዊ ጥቡ።” Lefthanded arrow. “ዘቦቱ ፀጋማይ የማናየ ኮነ።” Whose left hand became right. “ዐይኑ ፀጋማይ።” His left eye. “ዐይን የማኒት ወፀጋሚት” The eye of the right and the left: (ኩፋ፴፰። ኪዳ። ቀሌ).

ፀጋም/ Ṣägam: (ማት። ዕብ ስሞል) Left, opposite of right; hand; side; corner; north; northern; lefthanded person. “ተፈለጥ የማነ አው ፀጋመ።” Whether you turn to the right or to the left. “ልቡ ለአብድ ውስተ ፀጋሙ።” The heart of a fool is on his left. “ብእሲ እመ ኮነ ፀጋመ እድ” If a man is lefthanded: (ዘፍ፲፫: ፱። መክ፲: ፪። ፍ: ነ: ፱: ፩).

ፀጋዒ/ Ṣägai: (ዒት ዕያን ያት) One who draws near; one who takes refuge; supporter; one who clings.

ፀጰ/ Ṣäppa: (ፀጳ) The name of the letter ፀ (ṣ) ጰ (p̣) is its original name. It is said that its pronunciation was like this: በ/ bä; in the Sabean script that existed before Geez, it was a doubling of the letter በ/ b and was called ጰ/ p̣; and what makes it ጰ/ p̣ is the mark of the belly; they say that when the mark was absent it was በ/ bä, and when it was added it was bä p̣. But later people, since there was another substitute for the spring ጸ (ts), removed that one and introduced this one, and like the eye ዐ (ʿ) they closed its opening, meaning a second ፀ (ṣ), and without abandoning its ancient name, they called it ፀጰ (Ṣäppa) its meaning is solar. Furthermore, instead of ፀጰ (Ṣäppa), it says ፀጳ (Ṣäppa) it is like ጳጦስ/ itsä p̣aṭos (tree of Patmos) ፀ (ṣ) came from its (tree) and ጳ (p̣) from Patmos and they joined; the reading is the same but the mystery is one; it shows the meaning of Patmian, fiery. Writers also call it ፀሓይ/ ṣäḥay ṣä (sun ṣä). If being called ፀጰ (Ṣäppa) is because of its form, this presentday ጰ (p̣) being a hybrid of ጸ (ts), looks exactly like ጸ (ts) and therefore would have been more suitable for the spring ጸ (ts).

ፀፈረ/ Ṣäffärä: He became clawed, he grew nails – ጸፊር ጸፈረ/ ṣäfir ṣäffärä (he grew very sharp nails).

ፀፈቀ/ Ṣäffäqä: He crushed – ጸፊቅ ጸፈቀ/ ṣäfiq ṣäffäqä (he crushed thoroughly).

ፀፊር ሮት/ Ṣäfir Rot: (ፀፈረ ይፀፍር ይፅፍር። ዐረ ፀፈረ) To weave; to work; to entwine; to make firm, to strengthen; to double, to plait. “ፀፊሮቱ ለሥዕርት።” Its weaving is for hair. “ፀፈረት ርእሳ ወተክብሰት።” She wove her head and covered herself. “ፀፊረ ደጓዕሌ።” Weaver of curtains. “ወፀፈሩ ሐራ አክሊለ ዘሦክ።” And they wove a crown of thorns. “ልሳንከ ፀፈራ ለሕብል።” Your tongue weaves falsehood. “ጽልሑተ ይፀፍራ እደዊክሙ።” Your hands weave lies. “እለ ይፀፍርዋ ለምክር” Those who weave counsel: (ፍ: ነ: ፶፩። ዮዲ: ፲፮: ፰። ስንክ: ኅዳ፲፪። ዮሐ፲፪: ፪። መዝ: ፵፱: ፶፯። ኢዮ፭: ፲፪).

፡ To be together; to dance; to become one word; in song, in counsel: (ዐማርኛ).

፡ To join; to connect by waw (and) the two, the three, the many. “ሚካኤል ወገብርኤል።” Michael and “አብ ወወልድ ወመንፈስ ቅዱስ።” Gabriel. Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. “ጴጥሮስ ወዮሐንስ ወያዕቆብ ወእንድርያስ ወፊልጶስ ወቶማስ” Peter and John and James and Andrew and Philip and Thomas: (ግብ፩: ፲፫).

ፀፋሪ/ Ṣäfari: (ሪት ርያን ያት) One who weaves, one who works, one who entangles; dancer, singer.

ፀፍዐ/ Ṣäfa: He slapped – ጸፊዕ ጸፍዐ/ ṣäfii ṣäfa (he slapped hard).

ፀፍፀፈ/ Ṣäftsäfä: He dripped – ጸፍጽፎ ፀፍፀፈ/ ṣäftsifo ṣäftsäfä (it dripped continuously).

ፁማዴ/ Ṣumade: One who entangles; entanglement; the act of entangling; entanglement; service; slavery, household. “ወዘኒ ለፁማዴ” And this is for entanglement: (፩ዕዝ: ፰: ፳፮).

ፁገት/ Ṣugät: Being evil; being cruel; the state of being evil; the state of being cruel; evil, cruelty; perversion; crookedness. “ፁገተ አንበሳ መንገለ የውሀት አግዐዘ” The evil of the lion stirred up the waters: (ስንክ: ታኅ፲፪).

ፁግ/ Ṣug: (ጋት) Sin, evil; cunning; firmness; perversion. “ኵሉ ምግባረ ፁግ።” All deeds of evil. “ሰብእ ኮኑ እኩያነ በምክረ ፁግ።” People became wicked through evil counsel. “ኢትግበር ፁገ።” Do not do evil. “እለ ይትመየጡ ውስተ ፁግ” Those who return to evil: (ቀሌ። ኩፋ: ፲። ፴፯። መዝ: ፻፳፬).

ፂዖት/ Ṣiot [1]: (ታት። ዐረ ፀይዐት) Field; meadow; forbidden place; a wide place with grass and leaves; pasture for cattle. “ከመ ሣዕረ ፂዖት ስሙር።” Like the lush grass of the field. “አክብር ፂዖተ ከመ ይብዝኃ መራዕይከ።” Honor the field so that your pasture may be abundant. “ፂዖተ ሐመልማል።” Green pasture. “ከመ አባግዕ ውስተ ፂዖት።” Like sheep in a pasture. “ረከቡ ፂዖታተ ብዙኃተ ወስሙራተ” They found many and lush pastures: (ኢዮ፭: ፳፭። ምሳ፳፯: ፳፮። ጥበ፲፱: ፯። ሆሴ፬: ፲፮። ፩ዜና: ፬: ፵).

[2]: Field – ፀየዖት/ ṣäyäot.

ፂዋዌ ፄዋዌ/ Ṣiwawe Ṣewawe: Captivity; capture; plunder; exile; deportation. “እሜጥዎሙ ለፂዋዌ።” Bring back their captives. “ወሕቡላንሰ ይከውኑ ለፄዋዌ” And the hidden ones will become captives: (ኩፋ: ፩። ምሳ፲፪: ፳፬).

ፂውው/ Ṣiwwiw: (ውት ዋን ዋት) Captive; plundered; exiled. “ተዘከር እግዚኦ ኵሎ ፂውዋነ ወአገብኦሙ ኀበ ማኅደሪሆሙ።” Remember, O Lord, all your captives and bring them back to their dwellings. “አመት ፂውውት።” Year of captivity. “እስብክ ሎሙ ግዕዛነ ለፂውዋን” Proclaim to them release to the captives: (ግንዘ። ዘፀ፲፪: ፳፱። ሉቃ፬: ፲፱).

ፃሕስ/ Ṣahs: Rustling; shaking; quivering, trembling; jumping dance; stomping dance. (ግጥም/ poem፤ ዐፄ ቴ ውርድ ሲነዛ በነደብቴ) “ቦራቂ ራሱን ታጣቂ፤ አረግራጊ አቴና ወጊ፤ ዘፈን ግብሩ ዳንኪራ መጥኑ፤ የጐመን ትል ዕጥፍ ዘርጋ የሚል።” The swift one, arming himself; the shaker, piercing the forehead; his work is a dance, measured stomping; like a cabbage worm stretching double its length. It is their custom for the people of Qwara to insult debteras (church scholars) it is said that Empress Mentewab once asked in a foolish manner, Doesnt the devil know a woman? and when they replied, Yes, Your Majesty, he is an angel and not a devil, there is no doubt about this, she then said, Well then, who gave birth to debteras? Whose child should I say they are? Tell me their father.

ፃሕብ/ Ṣahb: Trembling; clay – ጽሒብ ጸሐበ/ ṣiḥib ṣäḥäbä (he wrote).

ፃመወ/ Ṣamäwä: He became thirsty, he became tired – ጻምዎ ጻመ/ ṣamwo ṣamäwä (he became very thirsty).

»ፃት/ »Ṣat: (ታት) Finger; extension of the hand and foot. Name of a tree; chat (Catha edulis). Infant, baby, wet young shoot; young man, youth; child, offspring. እመ ፃት/ Immät ṣat (mother of finger/shoot) እመጫት/ immätchat (mother of the infant). Like እመጫት ዶሮ/ immätchat doro (mother hen), እመጫት ዝንጀሮ /immätchat zinjero (mother monkey). (ተረት/ proverbs ) “እመጫት ሆዷ ቅርጫት።” The babys mother, her belly is a basket.

»ፃእፃእ/ »Ṣaṣai [1]: (ዕብ ጼኤጻኢም። ዐረ ፂእፂእ፤ ልጆች) Miscarriage, abortion, embryo; that comes out before its time, before nine months. The movements of the fetus in the womb. “ከመ ፃእፃእ ዘአድኀፀቶ ማሕፀነ እሙ።” Like a fetus that caused its mothers womb to miscarry. “ብእሲት ዘትሰቲ ፈውሰ ከመ ታድኅፅ ፃእፃኣ እማሕፀና” A woman who drinks medicine so that she might cause her womb to miscarry a fetus: (ሔኖ፷፱: ፲፪። ኢዮ፫: ፲፮። ፈ: መ: ፬: ፬).

፡ Trouble; matter, affair; debt, tax; money that is needed, necessary thing. Expense money that the household manager gives to the workers; what is spent for lime, wood, stone, iron; or tax that the people contribute, contribution money: (ሉቃ፲፬: ፳፰። ፬ነገ: ፲፪: ፲፩: ፲፪). “አብኡ እመዝገብ ለፃእፃአ ግብር።” Bring into the treasury for the expense of the work. “የሀብዎሙ እምቤተ ንጉሥ ለፀእፃኦሙ።” They gave them from the kings house for their expenses. “እንዘ መጠነ ዝ ፃእፃኡ።” While the amount of this expense. “ዘላዕሌሁ ፃእፃአ ቤቱ” The expense of his house that was upon him: (ዕዝ፪: ፷፱። ፮: ፬: ፰።ነሐ፭: ፲፰። ጦቢ፩: ፳፪).

[2]: ፃእፃእ/ Ṣaṣai miscarriage – ወፂእ ወፅአ/ wätsii wätsaa (it went out, he went out).

»ፃእፅአ/ »Ṣatsia: (ተቀ: ግ) He made difficult; he made descend.

ፃፁት/ Ṣatsut: Ṣatsut – small fly – ጻጹት/ ṣatsut.

ፃፅ ፃፄ/ Ṣatsi Ṣatse: (ዕብ ሳስ። ሱር ሳሳ። ዐረ ሱስ) Moth; small worm; of clothing, of leaves. “ከመ ልብስ ይበልዩ ወይበልዖሙ ፃፄ።” Like a garment they will wear out, and the moth will eat them. “ፃፄ ወቍንቍኔ።” Moth and rust. “ከመ ብላዐ ፃፄ” Like the eating of a moth: (ሄርማ).

፡ Mildew; blight; of trees, of plants. “አብትር ከመ ዘፃፄ በልዖሙ” Blight like that which the moth has eaten: (ሄርማ).

ፄአ/ Ṣea: It smelled bad, it stank – ጸዪእ ጼአ/ ṣäyii ṣea (it stank very badly).

ፄዐ/ Ṣeä: It smelled bad; it stank – ጸዪእ ጼአ/ ṣäyii ṣea (it stank very badly).

ፄወወ/ Ṣäwwäwä: He captured – ፀየወወ/ ṣäyäwwäwä.

ፄዋ/ Ṣewa: Captivity; captive; exile; community of captives; state of captivity; state of being a captive. “ይመይጥ ፄዋ ሕዝብየ።” He will return my people who are captives. “ነሥኡ ብዙኀ ፄዋ።” They took many captives. “እምሕሮሙ ለፄዋሁ።” From the choice of his captives. “ወሀሎኩ ማእከለ ፄዋ” And I was in the midst of the captives: (ኢሳ፵፭: ፲፫። ፪ዜና: ፳፰: ፲፯። ኤር፴፯: ፲፰። ሕዝ፩: ፩).

ፄዋዊ/ Ṣewawi: (ዊት ውያን ያት) One who captures; captor; plunderer; one who takes away.

ፄውዎ ዎት/ Ṣäwwo Wot: (ፄወወ ይፄውው። ዕብ ሻባህ። ሱር ሽባእ። ዐረ ሰባ) To capture; to plunder; to pull, to drag; to take by force, to drive away. “ፄዊወከ ፄዋ።” He led you into captivity. “አኀዙ ይፄውዉ ሀገረ።” They seized and plundered the city. “ፄወወኒ መንገሌዑ” His hook has drawn me: (መዝ: ፷፯። ኩፋ: ፲፩። ሮሜ፯: ፳፫ ).

ፅሒስ ሶት/ Ṣiḥis Sot: (ፀሐሰ ይፅሕስ ይፅሐስ። ዕብ ዱጽ። ሱር ዳጽ። ዐረ ደሐጸ) To shuffle; to tremble; to stagger; to jump, to dance, to stomp; to beat the drum with the feet; to stamp, to trample, to move back and forth; of the foot, of the shoe. “ይፅሕሱ በእገሪሆሙ ውስተ እሳት” They shuffle with their feet in the fire: (ገድ: ተክ). Instead of ፀሐሰ/ ṣäḥäsä, it says አፅሐሰ/ ätsähäsä; it is a mistake. “ያፅሕሳ በእገሪሆን።” They shuffle with their feet. “አፅሕስ በእገሪከ።” Shuffle with your feet. “አፅሐሰት በእገሪሃ ወጠፍሐት በእደዊሃ።” She shuffled with her feet and clapped with her hands. “ጠፊሓ በአእዳው ወአፅሒሳ በአእጋር” She clapped with her hands and shuffled with her feet: (ኢሳ፫: ፲፮። ሕዝ፮: ፲፩። ድጓ። አርጋ).

ፅሙም/ Ṣimum: Dry; tight; very strong, hard; firm; sealed. “አውፅአ ሎሙ ማየ እምኰኵሕ ፅሙም” He brought forth water for them from the hard rock: (አፈ: ድ፮). See ጽሙም/ ṣimum; ጸመ/ ṣämmä and ፀመመ/ ṣämmämä are of the same root.

ፅሙር/ Ṣimur: (ራን ራት ምርት) Added; addition; together; united, joined; one. “መልአክ ዘፅሙር ምስሌሁ” An angel who was united with him: (Awalid). ፅሙረ/ Ṣimurä; being added, becoming one in unity: (ኤፍ: ፬).

ፅሙድ/ Ṣimud: (ዳን ዳት ምድ) Devoted; subjugated; diligent; monk; hermit. “ፅሙዳን ታሕተ አርዑተ ኦሪት።” The devoted ones under the yoke of the Law. “እለ ፅሙዳን ለከርሦሙ።” Those who are devoted to their bellies. “ይኩን ንቁሀ ወፅሙደ ወልብወ።” Let him be vigilant and devoted in his heart. “ብፁዕ ጴጥሮስ ፀሙድ።” Blessed Peter the devoted. “አብ ቅዱስ ወፅሙድ መስተጋድል፤ አባ ሰረባሞን” Holy and devoted father of struggle; Abba Serapion: (አርጋ: ፭። አፈ: ተ፳፱። ፈላስ። ስንክ: ጥር፳፭። መጋ፭).

ፅማሬ ፅምረት/ Ṣimare Ṣimrät: Combining; adding; the act of combining; addition; unity; union. “ፅምረተ ህላዌ።” Union of existence. “ፅምረተ ሥላሴ።” Union of the Trinity. “እኁዛን በፅምረት” Brothers in unity: (ተረ: ቄር። አትና).

፡ Sexual intercourse; the act of sexual intercourse. “ለእመ ወረደት ላዕሌከ በሌሊት ሕልመ ፅምረት ኢትዝክራ በመዓልት” If a dream of sexual intercourse comes upon you at night, do not remember it during the day: (ፊልክ: ፻፸፩).

ፅምድ/ Ṣimd: (ዳት) Yoke; pair; two. “ፅምደ አልሕምት።” A yoke of oxen. “ፅምደ ብዕራይ” A pair of pigeons: (ኢዮ፩: ፫። ፫ነገ: ፲፱: ፲፱ –፳፩። ኢሳ፭: ፲። ሉቃ፲፬: ፲፱)።.

ፅሩር/ Ṣirur: (ራን ራት ርርት) Opposed; resisted; ready; soldier. ጥሩር/ tirur (helmet), head covering; armor; military uniform; weapon. See ጌራ/ gera and ድርዕ/ diri. “እስመ ፅሩራን እሙንቱ።” For they are ready.

ፅሩዕ/ Ṣirui: (ዓን ዓት ርዕት) Idle, lazy person; lazy, idle, unemployed; delayed. “ኢታንብሮ ፅሩዐ።” Do not seat an idle person. “ፅሩዓን ጾርሑ።” The idle cried out. “ኢኮንክሙ ፅሩዓነ።” You were not idle. “ፅሩዕ እምነሶሳው” Lazier than a weasel: (ሢራ፴: ፴፮። ዘፀ፭: ፰። ፪ጴጥ: ፩: ፰። ጥበ፲፭: ፲፭).

፡ Vain, useless; perishable; lie, falsehood; joke, foolishness; past, remaining, abolished; plan, intention. “ምግባር ፅሩዕ ዘኢይበቍዕ።” Useless deeds that do not profit. “ይከውን ጻማሆሙ ፅሩዐ።” Their labor will be in vain. “ኢይከውን ፅሩዐ ሰብሳበ ዚኣሃ።” Her gathering will not be in vain. “ሕንጻ ነበረ ፅሩዐ” The building was useless: (አፈ: ተ፪። ዮሴፍ። ማቴ፲፪: ፴፮። ፈ: መ: ፭: ፲፪። ዕዝ፬: ፳፬).

ፅሩፍ/ Ṣiruf: (ፋን ፋት ርፍት) Insulted; insulting; despised; shameful. “መኑ ከመ ዝ ፅሩፍ ወዘእንበለ ትምህርት።” Who is as insulting as this one who is without learning? “ኦ ፅሩፍ ወዘትሜንን ቢጸከ” O you insulting one who despises your friend: (ቄር: ጰላ። ቀሌ). It says ፀራፊ/ ṣiruf instead of ፅሩፍ/ ṣärrafi (one who insults) it is a mistake. “ኢትኩኑ ፅፍሩነ” Do not be slanderers: (፪ጢሞ: ፫: ፪).

ፅርስ/ Ṣirs: (ብ ፅረስ) Tooth; canine tooth, jaw. Since ፀ (ṣä) and ጠ (tä) are interchangeable, ፅርስ/ ṣirs is found in all instances as ጥርስ/ tirs (tooth). “ፅርሰ ወሰነ።” Tooth and gum. “ውስተ ፅረሲሆሙ” In their teeth: (ዘፀ፳፩: ፳፯። ዘኍ፲፩: ፴፫).

ፅርዐት/ Ṣirät: (ታት) Fatigue; idleness; cessation of work; absence, decrease, weakening. “ፅርዐተ ዕደው።” Fatigue of hands. “የሀቦ ፅርዐቲሁ።” He gave him his absence. “ይግበሩ ፈቃደከ ዘእንበለ ፅርዐት።” Let them do your will without ceasing. “ቅዳስያት ዘእንበለ ፅርዐታት” Holy things without ceasing: (መክ፲: ፲፰። ዘፀ፳፩: ፲፱። ቀሌ። ቅዳ።ስንክ: መጋ፳፬).

፡ Idleness; festival; day of rest; time; assembly. “ከመ ያእምሩ ፅርዐተ ሥርዐተ አማልክቲሆሙ።” In the days of his idleness. “ተከሥተ ፅርዐት ወተኀብአ ጽድቅ።” Proclaim a festival to the idols. "ጾመክሙ ወፅፀርዐተክሙ” fasting and your festivals: (ጥበ፲፫: ፲፫። ፬ነገ: ፲: ፳። ኢሳ፩: ፲፫).

፡ Sin; idol worship; vain thing; vanity; nothingness. “ከመ ያእምሩ ፅርዐተ ሥርዐተ አማልክቲሆሙ።” So that they may know the vanity of the customs of their gods. “ተከሥተ ፅርዐት ወተኀብአ ጽድቅ።” Vanity was revealed and righteousness was hidden. “ዘይዴግን ፅርዐተ” He who loves vanity: (ዮሴፍ። ምሳ፲፪: ፲፩).

ፅርዕ/ Ṣiri: Greek; Ionian – ጽርእ/ ṣiri.

ፅርፈት/ Ṣirfät: (ታት) Insulting; being insulted; the act of insulting; insult, humiliation. “ኢተኀበለ ይንብብ ቃለ ፅርፈት።” He did not hesitate to utter insulting words. “እመ ኮነ ቃለ ፅርፈቱ እሙመ።” If the word of his insult is true. “ፅርፈታት” Insults: (ይሁ: ፱። ፍ: ነ: ፳፬። ራእ፲፫: ፭).

ፅበስ/ Ṣibäs: Weariness; sickness; laziness; fear. “ኣሴስል ፅበሰ እምላዕሌክሙ” I will remove weariness from upon you: (ዘፀ፳፫: ፳፭። ፊልክ).

ፅቡስ/ Ṣibus: (ሳን ሳት ብስት) Tired, weak; loose; fearful; lazy; lame. “ንህብ በኀይላ ፅብስት።” Let us run with strength, being weak. “እስመ ኅሊና ፅቡስ ምኑነ ይትበሀል።” For what is a weak mind good for? “ኢትኩን ፅቡሰ በኵሉ ዘገበርከ።” Do not be weak in all that you do. “እደው ፅቡሳን” Weak hands: (ምሳ፮: ፰። ጥበ፪: ፲፲፩። ሢራ፴፬: ፳፪። ኢሳ፴፭: ፫። ዕብ፲፪: ፲፪).

ፅቡጥ/ Ṣibut: (ጣን ጣት ብጥ) Held; grasped; grip. “አስይፍቲሆሙ ምሉኃን ወፅቡጣን በእደዊሆሙ” Their swords are full and grasped in their hands: (ስንክ: ታኅ፰).

ፅብሰት/ Ṣibsät: To weaken; to make lazy; weakness.

ፅብን ፅብጥ/ Ṣibn Ṣibt: (ብ ፅበን፤ አፅባን) Handle; grip; hilt; ear; ring; of a box, of a tool. The first vowel has been changed to n because the following consonant is ṭ, but the root is ፀቢጥ/ ṣäbiṭ. “ፅብን አርባዕ ዘወርቅ፤ በአፅባን ዘዲበ ታቦት” Four golden rings; with rings on the ark: (ዘፀ፳፭: ፲፪ና: ፲፭).

ፅብጠት/ Ṣibṭät: Grasping; (ጥጨ) grasping; the act of grasping; grasp; grip; firmness. “እንተ ትትረከብ ፅብጠቱ” That in which its grip is found: (ፍ: ነ: ፴፰).

ፅኑስ/ Ṣinus: (Pl. ṣinusan, ṣinusat, ṣinust) One who has conceived; pregnant; expectant. “ናሁ ፅንስት አንቲ ወትወልዲ።” Behold, you are pregnant and will give birth. “አሌ ሎን ለፅኑሳት።” Woe to those who are pregnant. “ፅኑሳተ ገለዓድ: ” The pregnant women of Gilead: (ዘፍ፲፮: ፲፩። ማቴ፳፬: ፲፱። ዓሞ፩: ፫).

፡ Conceived; pregnant; child in the womb. (ተረት/ proverbs ) “የታዘለ በለምድ፤ የተረገዘ በሆድ።” What is carried in the leather bag; what is conceived in the womb.

ፅናሴ ተፅናስ/ Ṣinase Tätsinas: Difficulty – ጸንሶ ጸነሰ/ ṣänso ṣänäsä (he conceived).

ፅንሰት/ Ṣinsät: Conception; conceiving; state of conception; pregnancy. “መዋዕለ ፅንሰታ” The days of her conception: (ስንክ: ሠኔ፴። ነሖ፯).

ፅንስ/ Ṣins: fruit of the womb; offspring; embryo; pregnancy; thought, desire. “ዘአይኑ ብእሲ ዝንቱ ፅንስ።” This conception is of a man. “ፅንስ እንበለ ሩካቤ።” Conception without intercourse. “እምቅድመ ፅንሶን።” From before his conception. “ፅንስ እንዘ ባቲ።” Conception while she was with child. “መዋዕለ ፅንሳ ኪያሁ” The days of her pregnancy: (ዘፍ፴፰: ፳፭። ቅዳ። ፈ: መ: ፲: ፩። ዕር: ኢሳ፳፩: ፭። ፍ: ነ: ፴፫: ፬).

ፅንብል/ Ṣinbil: (ጠብለለ) Turban; ornament for the head and forehead, reward; that which is rolled up and tied. “ሐዲስ ጥሩ ልብስ፤ መጐናጠፊያ፤ ባለሟል ሲሾም ሲሸለም የሚለብስው።” New fine garment; cloak; what a dignitary wears when he is appointed or rewarded. “ልብሰ መንግሥት ዘቦ አክሲለ ወርቅ ወፅንብል ሢራየ ሜላት” Royal garment with gold embroidery and a turban of fine linen: (አስቴ፰: ፲፭).

ፅንፅንያ/ Ṣintsinya: Gnat; fly – ጸንጸነ/ ṣänṣänä (it swarmed).

ፅዉስ/ Ṣiwus: (ሳን ሳት ውስት) Lame, crippled; weak, feeble; weak. “ብእሲ ዘፅዉስ እገሪሁ።” A man whose feet were crippled. “ዘፅውስት እዴሁ።” Whose hands were crippled. “ስፍነ ዕደወ ኀያላነ ረሰየ ሞት ይትዋነይዎሙ ዕፄያት ፅዉሳት” He made the hands of the mighty weak, death will rule over them, weak rulers: (ግብ፫: ፪። ማር፫: ፫። ግንዘ).

ፅዉግ/ Ṣiwug: This is the same. “ኀበርነ አውግዞ ፅዉጋተወጥሉቃተ ትምህርታቶ” Our companions condemned the weak and loose points of his teachings: (ተረ: ቄር፲፬).

ፅጉዕ/ Ṣigui: (ዓን ዓት ግዕት) Leaning; supported; holding a corner; lying down.

ፅግመት/ Ṣigmät: Perversion; crookedness; leftism.

ፅግም/ Ṣigm: Left; side; hand; place, location; left side; near, close. “ነዲፍ በይምን ወበፅግም።” Piercing on the right and on the left. “ማይሰ ሎሙ አረፍተ በይምን ወአረፍተ በፅግም።” He made them pass through the water on the right and on the left. “እኅትኪ ዘትነበር በፅግምኪ” Your sister who lived beside you: (፩ዜና: ፲፪: ፪። ዘፀ፲፬: ፳፱። ሕዝ፲፮: ፵፮).

ፅግዕ ፅጋዕ/ Ṣigi Ṣigai: (ዓት) Corner support; support; cushion; pillow. “ወይገብራ ፅጋዐ ለኵሉ ርእስ።” And they made supports for every head. “ወእሠጥጥ ፅጋዓቲክሙ” And I will give you your pillows: (ሕዝ፲፫: ፲፰ና: ፳፩).

ፅፉር/ Ṣifur: (ራን ራት ፍርት) Woven; made; braid; weaving. Its root is weaving. “ኢትግብር ሥዕርተከ ፍቱሐ ወዝርዙረ ወኢፅፉረ።” Do not make your hair loose, flowing, or braided. “እለ ፅፉራት በኀጢአት” Those who are braided in sin: (ኢዮ፵: ፲፪። ፍ: ነ: ፲፩። ፪ጢሞ: ፫: ፮).

ፅፍረት/ Ṣifrät: Weaving; making; being made; way of making; work; loom, sieve. “በእንተ ፅፍረት ዘደጓዕሌ።” Concerning the weaving of the mats. “ለዘኮነ ይፀፍር ፅፍረተ” For whoever knows how to weave: (ፊልክ: ፻፫ና: ፻፹፱).

ፅፍሮ/ Ṣifro: Hairdressing; plait; braids; weaving; braided hair; doves eye; ornament for the head and hair, reward. “ሰላም ለሥዕርተ ርእስኪ ዘተንእደ ፅፍሮሁ።” Peace to the hair of your head that is like weaving. “ወፅፍሮ ርእስኪ።” And the braiding of your head. “ሐብለት ዘፅፍሮ” A braid of hair: (ደራሲ። ማሕ፯: ፮። ዘፀ፴፩: ፶).

፡ Measurement; strand; twisted strand; of a nail, of a rope, of a thread, of a string; on the day of kosso (an Ethiopian antiparasitic plant).

ፅፍዕ ፀፍዕ/ Ṣifi Ṣäfi: Ṣäfi፡ (ጸፍዐ። ዐረ ፀፍዕ። ዕብ ጻፊዕ) Dung; lump of dung; sticky dirt; excrement; cow dung; manure. “ወሀብኩከ ፅፍዐ ላሕም ህየንተ ፅፍዐ ሰብእ።” And I gave you cow dung instead of human dung. “ከመ ፀፍዕ ግዱፍ” Like piledup dung: (ሕዝ፬: ፲፭። ሢራ፳፪: ፪).

ፆማዕት/ Ṣomait: Cave, grotto – ጾማዕት/ ṣomait.

ፆረ/ Ṣore: He carried – ጸዊር ጾረ/ ṣäwir ṣore (he carried a load).

ፆርሮ ሮት/ Ṣorro Rot: (ፆረረ ይዖርር። ጸዐረ) To be distressed; to groan; to cry out, to be agitated, to writhe; to be disturbed, to toss and turn, to tremble; to be shaken, to be convulsed; of pain, of sickness, of labor pains, of sorrow. See ፀረረ/ ṣärärä. But the book says አንፆረረ/ anṣorärä instead of ፆረረ/ ṣorärä. “ወኵሎ ሌሊተ ታንፆርር” And all night I toss and turn: (ኢዮ፪: ፱).